Normally colleges abroad have two types of application deadlines: Early and Regular application deadlines. After thorough research, if you find a college matching your profile then you can think of applying to the college early.
Early Decision (ED) and Early Action (EA) deadlines are usually in November (most commonly around November 1 or November 15). An early decision of applying to your chosen college helps you get an admission decision from the college by mid-December.
As an international student, you should consider applying by the early deadline. The chance of getting admission in the desired college is higher. You may also secure scholarships or financial aid earlier.
Colleges often prefer students who commit early in the admission process.
Remember, you should apply to only one college under Early Decision (as it is binding) and you may apply to other colleges under Regular Decision deadlines. If you are accepted by the first college under ED, then you must withdraw other applications.
Regular Decision deadlines are usually in January (commonly January 1 or January 15), with admission decisions released around March or April.