About Halogen Derivatives (JEEMain,Class11th)

What is Halogen Derivatives?

Halogen derivatives, also known as halides, are organic or inorganic compounds that contain halogen atoms such as fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), or astatine (At). These halogens are part of the halogen group in the periodic table.

In organic chemistry, halogen derivatives are formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon molecule with halogen atoms. For example, chloroform (CHCl3) is a halogen derivative of methane (CH4) where three hydrogen atoms have been substituted by chlorine atoms. Inorganic halogen derivatives include compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium iodide (KI), which are commonly used in everyday life. These compounds are formed by the combination of a metal atom with a halogen atom.

Halogen derivatives can exhibit various properties and behaviours depending on the specific halogen and its arrangement within the molecule. They can have different levels of reactivity, solubility, toxicity, and other characteristics, making them useful in a wide range of applications including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials science, and industrial processes.

Overall, halogen derivatives play a significant role in chemistry and have diverse applications due to their unique properties and versatility.

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Table of Content

 1. General characteristics of Halo-Alkanes.

2. General methods of preparation of Alkyl Halides.

3. Properties of Alkyl Halides.

 4. Preparation and properties of dihalides.

 5. Tri-halides (Chloroform and iodoform).

 6. Tetra-halides (Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4).

7. Unsaturated halides (Halo-Alkene).

8. Halo-Arenes.

 9. Some more important halogen derivatives.

10. Organometallic compounds.