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Q1. At times, a specific fragment of the molecules of DNA which are analyzed needs to be separated. One of the methods is digesting the gels simply. Which of the following statement is not correct in with respect to it?

(a) The gelling temperature has an important role to play
(b) For higher gelling temperatures, digestion of DNA is done via the addition of agarase or some chaotropic agents
(c) For lower gelling temperatures, simply slicing out of target DNA is done which is followed by melting
(d) The DNA can be extracted via the addition of sodium or any positively charged group

Q2. In the case of electrophoresis of single stranded DNA or RNA, which type of gels are used?

(a) Renaturing
(b) Denaturing
(c) The routine agarose gel
(d) The routine polyacrylamide gel

Q3. If the amount of agarose added is more, the molecular under analysis should have the following characteristic:

(a) small size
(b) large size
(c) size has no relation with the amount of agarose
(d) the amount of molecules under analysis matters

Q4. Polyacrylamide gels are the other types of gels which are commonly used. Which of the following statement is not correct with respect to these types of gels?

(a) They are obtained via polymerization between acrylamide and bis-acrylamide
(b) The components added for initiating polymerization are ammonium persulphate and TEMED
(c) It is casted in horizontal and flat trays
(d) TEMED catalyses the formation of free radicals from persulphate ions which leads to initiation of cross-linking

Q5. Gel matrices are generally of two types Agarose and Polyacrylamide. Which of the statements is correct with respect to agarose gels?

(a) Agarose is a polysaccharide which is obtained from red algae
(b) Agarose is a polysaccharide obtained from fungus
(c) It is composed of glucose residues
(d) It is obtained via dissolving in its water by boiling in water and then cooling it

Q6. How is the size of molecules under analysis measured?

(a) By measuring the distance moved through a ruler
(b) By measuring the amount of visualising dye used
(c) By running a standard molecule, whose size is known in parallel
(d) There is no exact criterion for doing so

Q7. Which one of the following will travel fastest through the gel if the amount of DNA present is same in all?

(a) Circular
(b) Supercoiled
(c) Nicked
(d) Supercoiled and circular will move at same speed and faster than nicked

Q8. Force is defined as mass per unit acceleration. As the number of phosphate molecules increases, the charge also increases which increases the force required. The acceleration is dependent on the size of the molecules.

(a) True
(b) False
(c)
(d)

Q9. The charge present on the DNA backbone is negative. The force required to accelerate the molecules towards anode is directly proportional to the number of ____________

(a) sugar molecules
(b) nitrogenous bases
(c) phosphate groups
(d) both phosphate group and sugar molecules

Q10. Gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acid molecules based on ____________

(a) charge on molecules
(b) size of the molecules
(c) nature of the molecules i.e. whether DNA or RNA
(d) chemical properties of the nucleic acids


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